By Ebi Kesiena
As the world commemorates International Migrants Day, a recent Afrobarometer survey sheds light on rising emigration aspirations across Africa.
Conducted across 24 African countries, the findings reveal that nearly half (47%) of Africans have contemplated leaving their home countries, with 27% giving the idea serious thought. This marks a significant increase compared to data collected in 2016/2018.
The survey highlights that economic challenges remain the primary drivers of emigration. Of those considering migration, 49% cite the pursuit of job opportunities as their top motivation, while 29% seek to escape economic hardship or poverty. Popular destinations include North America and Europe, attracting 31% and 29% of potential migrants, respectively. However, a notable 22% express a preference to move within Africa, reflecting a growing interest in regional opportunities.
Emigration intentions vary significantly across the continent. Liberia records the highest proportion of respondents considering migration at 78%, followed by The Gambia (68%), Cabo Verde (64%), and Ghana (61%). In contrast, Tanzania stands out as the only country where emigration aspirations have decreased, with just 9% of its citizens expressing interest in relocating abroad.
The survey also underscores the rapid growth of migration aspirations in several nations. Since 2016/2018, countries like Liberia (28 percentage points), Mauritius (27 points), and Nigeria (21 points) have recorded significant increases in the proportion of citizens contemplating emigration.
Afrobarometer, a respected pan-African research network, conducted the survey to provide insights into African perspectives on democracy, governance, and quality of life. The 2024 survey involved face-to-face interviews with 1,200–2,400 adults in each participating country, ensuring nationally representative results.
These findings, released by Afrobarometer to mark International Migrants Day, reflect the increasing pressures driving migration and the diverse destinations shaping Africans’ aspirations for a better life.
